And john keown



C. LUDLOW 61 J. KEOWN GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION H150 FEB. 9, 1916.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

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TED STATES PATENT @FIQE.

CHARLES LUDLOW, OF NORWOOD, OHIO, AND JOHN KEOWN, OF NENPOBT, KENTUCKY.

GAS-BURNER.

Application filed February 9, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that'we, CHARLES LUDLOW and J OI-IN Known, citizens of theUnited States, and residents of Norwood, Hamilton county, Ohio, and ofNewport, Campbell county, Kentucky, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Gas- Burners, of which the following is a full, clear,and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing,forming part of this specification.

Our invention relates to burners for fuel gas, particularly for furnaceuse.

The requirements of a burner are to properly mix air and gas and bringabout complete combustion of the mixture. There are a great number ofburners on the market which have as their object the provision of ameans for heating the gas before it is led to the point of combustion,but for various reasons these burners fall short of the efficiency andinexpensiveness necessary for general use.

It is our object to provide a burner having a proper mixing device forgas and air and a pre-heater for the combustible mixture so formed, allarranged in a simple and economical structure which is adapted forgeneral use. These objects and other advantages to be noted weaccomplish-by that certain arrangement of parts to be hereinafter morespecifically pointed out and claimed.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is an elevation of the burner turned from itsvertical position, so as to show in a horizontal position. Fig. 2 is alike view with the preheater cap removed. Fig. 3 is a longitudinalsection thereof.

The gas supply comes from the main in a pipe 1 which is turned to avertical position before the air is drawn into the gas conduit. In manyof the pre-heater burners there is a failure to appreciate the necessityof having a completely mixed gas, or else a failure "to appreciate thatto properly mix the gas it is requisite that the air be drawn into thegas conduit with the greatest possible amount of suction, and in companywith the gas to travel the longest possible path without los- 'ing thesuction power at the air intake. Ac-

cordingly we do not insert our air inlet into the gas supply pipe beforeit passes the turn for a vertical burner, but prefer to have it in astraight line with the passage of the I gas to the burner itself.Accordingly there is inserted in the supply pipe beyond theSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 15, 1916.

Serial No. 77,249.

turn to the vertical, a screwthreaded piece of pipe 2, which has on itsupper end a gas nozzle 3. The screw pipe is held in the funnelshapedmixer 4 by means of a cross plece 5, and screwed onto the pipe isthe adjustable closure plate 6 for the mouth of the funnel shaped piece.The air passes in the usual manner into the gas pipe 7 from the mixer asis usual in gas burners, the details of the mixer not being a part ofthis invention, but being the usual type of mixer now in general use.

The gas pipe 7 is preferably three quarters of an inch in diameter, andscrewed onto its upper end is a coupling section 8 of over one inchdiameter. Preferably integral with this coupling section is a plate 9which has a flange 10 thatis notched at 11, 11. Screwed into the upperend of the section 8 is a con duit pipe section 12 which is of one inchdiameter or thereabouts and over this conduit 12 is set an annular plate13, resting on the plate 9.

The annular plate 13 has notches 1% in a suitable flange 15*, and is inall substantial points the same as plate 9, except that it has smallernotches and is open in the middle. Over the plate 13 is set the heatercap 15 which is preferably of cylindrical shape, and has a flange 16.The flange 16 and the two notched plates fit together and the three areunited by a series of bolts 17 which hold the entire structure ofthelburner together.

The structure above described, while it is simple and practical is, ofcourse, not the only method by which we can gain the same assemblage offeatures, and we do not wish to be limited to the above described mannerof assembly.

The gas thoroughly mixed with air, and the mixture drawn withundiminished pressure to the burner parts, is led from a narrow pipe 7into a broader one 8. This brings about an agitation of the mixturebefore it enters the heater. As the gas enters the heater, which is at ared heat after the burner is started it passes around all sides of theentering pipe or conduit and down along the red hot walls of thecylindrical cap or heater. At the base of the heater the mixture passesout through the notches in the two plates above described. These notchesare to be of a total cross sectional area'substantially the same or lessthan the cross sectional area of the one inch conduit leading into theheater. The object of this is to provide for a discharge of the gasmixture under proper pressure. The mixture is expanded in the heatingchamber and care is taken to provide discharge openings of a combinedarea to maintain a discharge from the burner under pressure. \Ve alsofind that better results are obtained with the discharge broken up intoa large number of openings, and'for that reason we prefer to employ adouble row of discharge openings, although the number of rows ofopenings is not of the essence of the invention. For convenience ofmanufacture, moreover, it may be preferable to dispense with the annularplate 13 and to form the notches or openings 14: in the flange 16 of theheater cap with the parts assembled so that the discharge openings llwill be out of register with the openings 11. The openings 14 aresmaller than the openings 11, so that the gases will not take the sameline in rising along the shell or cap 15.

It will be understood that the dimensions given are merely relative, theinvention residing therein being in the proportions of the various onesas shown.

The whole structure as described is obviously a'simple one, easily madeand assembled and easily disassembled for the purpose of cleaning orreplacement of parts.

The features of obtaining a proper mix ture, giving it the path andagitation now described, and heating it in a hot shell are calculated togive the greatest possible efiiciency to the burner.

It will be noted that the burner outlets are located at the base andcompletely surrounding the cylindrical shell of the heater. This givesthe maximum of heat to the heater without losing the full heatingefliciency of the burner to any practical extent.

\Ve do not wish to be limited in the claims that follow to the exactstructure described in the foregoing specification, as the descriptionrefers but to the preferred form of our invention; on the contrary, wewish to be entitled to the'full scope of the doctrine of equivalents inthe construction of our claims. Also we do not wish to be limited in ourclaims because of our failure at this time to appreciate the fullusefulness of our invention, as we intend it to be used in the future inany manner that may turn out to be economical and convenient, and thatmere mechanical changes necessary to adapt it to future uses be fullyincluded in the scope of our invention.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. A gas burner having a cylindrical shell, a series of gas outletsaround the base of the shell, a pipe extending into said shell andextending substantially to the top thereof, a supply pipe leading intosuch pipe of less diameter than such pipe, and means for supplying airto said supply pipe, said pipes extending in a straight line into theshell from said air supply point, for the purpose described.

2. In a gas burner, a base piece having notches therein, a pipe aflixedto each end of the base piece, a plate having notches in its upper endset on the base piece, a cylindrical shell having a flange to set on thenotched plate, one of said pipes from the base piece extending up intothe shell, and said shell forming with said notched members a preheatingburner with the two series of jet holes around the burner base.

3. In a gas burner, a cylindrical shell, a gas inlet tube extending intosaid shell, and a double series of separated jet openings about the baseof said shell, the upper of said series being of smaller diameter thanthe lower, whereby the burning gas will form a deep body of flame aroundthe shell.

CHARLES LUDLOVV. JOHN KEOWVN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D; C.

